5.3.11. Catalyst
Arrangement of the catalyst and thermofilter
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The catalyst is installed on model with the engine which code begins with a letter of C or X.
In the catalyst there is a reaction as a result of which potentially dangerous hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in exhaust gases turn into safe gases and water vapor. The catalyst consists of honeycombs covered with platinum, palladium and iridium.
To avoid damage of the catalyst, the engine has to be correctly adjusted and has to tirovatsya an eksplua on unleaded gasoline.
On all models with the catalyst the power supply system fuel of the closed type, that is on the basis of a signal from the sensor of the oxygen established in a reception exhaust pipe, the ECU block constantly optimizes composition of fuel-air mix. Depending on the content of oxygen in exhaust gases the sensor of oxygen induces tension from 0,1 B (high content of oxygen, poor mix) to 0,9 B (low content of oxygen, rich mix). On the basis of these data the control unit of the engine changes time of opening of fuel nozzles and changes a fuel ratio in fuel mix. Stoichiometric the sootnosha ny fuel mix at which there is its full combustion and in exhaust gases does not have harmful substances, are 14,7 weight parts of air on 1 part of fuel.
The catalyst is a reliable and simple device which does not need in any service, but there are some facts which the owner has to know for the maximum service life of the catalyst.
Do not use ethylated gasoline in the car equipped катализато rum since lead will cover precious metals in a catalyst lattice, having reduced efficiency of their transformation and, eventually, will put the catalyst out of action.
Always you keep ignition and fuel system in a full order.
If during the operation of the engine admissions of ignition are observed, do not operate the car before malfunction elimination.
If during the operation of the engine the control lamp of engine management lights up, it is necessary to address as soon as possible on service station. If there is a damage to a control system of the engine, then, except increase in fuel consumption and reduction of dynamic characteristics of the engine, can put out of action the catalyst.
Do not start the engine by a towage method.
Do not switch off ignition on high turns of the engine.
Do not use additive to fuel and engine oil as additives may contain the substances capable to damage the catalyst.
Do not use the car if from an exhaust pipe the trace of blue smoke is visible.
After an engine stop exhaust the system a long time continues to radiate a significant amount of heat therefore it is necessary to avoid the parking of the car on a grass and dry leaves.
Remember that the catalyst is fragile therefore avoid blows at removal of a catalysis a Torah or the exhaust system.
The catalyst used on well adjusted car has to serve from 100 to 160 thousand km of a run of the car.